First and foremost problem TurboC is not Ansi Complaint, which makes the point of algorithm development mute.
How can you even relate designing Algorithms to a specific compiler. Algorithms existed way before there were even computers. That meams choosing a non ANSI complaint compiler will have no effect on by designing skills.
Pick up a good book such as Cormen, and nowhere will you find something written specific for a compiler.
And if people keep using TurboC because they are supposed to learn Algos not correct C programming then god help them.
Just imagining what will happen if some student happens to go for a masters with his elite TurboC skills.
Again, why? Like I said, Turbo C offers everything you need you good Algorithms designs. I have implemented tons the Algorithms in Cormen in Turbo C without any problems.
I have done lots of coding in C/C++ on g++, miniGW, TurboC and WinAVR. Surely compilers did not change the way I think.