which OS do you have installed??
A 32bit OS will recognize only 4gb irrespective of how much ram is installed(be it 16gb also).. This is because of the inherent limitation in its code..
Solution is to install a 64 bit OS like win 7 64 bit or xp 64 bit. that will solve the problem in 99 percent cases.. In the other 1 percent cases you will also need to enable memory remapping feature in the bios.. these two combined will give you 8 out of 8 gb for use..