Why choose rechargeable batteries over one-time use ?

Depends on what do you want to use it for. The devices you mentioned like clocks,remotes, oxymeters are very low power consumption devices. So having rechargeable batteries may not make any sense for them.

I use them for wireless mouse, blood pressure monitor, zoom voice recorders, camera flashes, Microsoft game controllers etc. These drain batteries very fast if used frequently. My zoom f3 voice recorder can drain a normal duracell in maybe like 3-4 hours of usage. So a rechargeable is more economical for long term usage.
Actually, it would make sense as you use for year or years then recharge like couple hours at most then back at it. Sure it isn't economical but no worry about battery (minor) and wastage