he said that those waves will penetrate buildings.
Yes. That's how you get range inside building, right?
All light (aka electromagnetic radiation) upto 'visible light' can penetrate through something.
Infrared (IR) which is weaker form of light than 'visible light' can penetrate through upper skin. You can view blood veins in some IR camera.
Microwave/wifi light (around 2.5 to 5Ghz) which is weaker than IR can penetrate through a couple of walls.
Your 5G, 4G, 3G light (around ~500 Mhz to ~2Ghz) can penetrate through whole building.
Your doordarshan, FM radio works at ~100 KHz spectrum of light and it's so weak that it can travel through whole city.
Then you have short wave radio which works at crazy weak spectrum of light at like ~10 Khz. It can travel across the globe.
See, I swapped word 'light' with 'electromagnetic radiation' and I'm still right. Because that's essentially the same thing with different names.
Weaker radiation has lower frequency because of its low power. That means it has lower chance of colliding with something. Think of light as drunkard. More it drinks, powerful it becomes. Highly drunkard light will ride its motorcycle in more zigzag fashion and that'll increase its probability of colliding with something.
Now, before somebody asks how come x ray can travel through human body even when it's stronger than the visible light? Isn't that goes against the logic explained above? Well, x ray is a highly powerful form of light. Consider it like a UP govt bulldozer. It kinda blasts through everything while razing innocent things which got in its ways.